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Finite Element Analysis of Some Piston Materials of IC Engine
Abstract
The analysis of IC engine piston is analysed using the finite element method to determine stress and
displacement distribution due the flue gas pressure and temperature, separately and combined.
Simulation of an IC engine piston provides the necessary details which may be further used in the
design process. The performance of IC engine piston depends upon its material and the service
conditions. The expected life of an IC engine piston needs to be determined and experimental
parameters should be highlighted. The piston is subjected to mechanical and thermal loads under
service conditions which needs to be controlled. Temperature, type of fuel, engine speed, piston
material etc. affects the performance of an IC engine. The stresses developed in a piston should not
exceed a critical limit and proper factor of safety is required. Deformation behavior of the piston
material is analyzed through the CAE software and the response data is generated. A comparative
study was also carried out between an alloy and metal matrix composite which were used as a piston
material. Behavior of both the piston materials depend upon the operating conditions and their
applications are decided acoording to the given operating conditions. The FEA is performed by CAD
and CAE software. Response surface optimization is conducted using Taguchi design of experiments
to determine design points. Piston fails mainly due to mechanical stresses and thermal stresses. The
sensitivities and responses are then determined showing effect of optimization variables on outputs
which would determine the crucial parameters to optimize for stress minimization.
Keywords
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